The trunk, also known as the proboscis, is a tubular, flexible and hollow appendage that varies in size and function; some species use it to…
The trunk, or proboscis, is an important organ for many organisms, especially insects dependent on fluid-feeding, such as butterflies, mosquitoes, and bees. The structure of…
Fats are one of the most versatile molecules in mammals, fulfilling countless metabolic and non-metabolic roles. Metabolism of fats serves many purposes. Through lipolysis, fat…
Claws are one of the most widely utilized tools within organisms, and for a good reason: their purposeful constructions, described by mathematical laws and correlations,…
Abstract In the animal kingdom, the evolution of tongue morphology has facilitated the survival of many species by providing advantages in foraging, avoiding predators, prey-catching…
ABSTRACT The survival of animals within the animal kingdom is heavily contingent on their ability to hunt and eat, which is directly related to the…
ABSTRACT Vibrations and resonance are pervasive means of communication and information reception in the animal kingdom. The tools, appendages, and organs used by an animal…
When it comes to the survival of some of nature’s more developed animals, it is often their uniquely designed appendages which allow them to make…
Antler regeneration is a complex process unique in nature because of its year-long perpetual cycle. Although antlerogenesis is a process shared by all males in…
The animal kingdom is characterized by an astonishing diversity in tongue morphologies, functions and mechanical abilities. Through evolution, different animal tongues have adapted to perform…
Jaws are an amazing system as they can contribute to many aspects of life such as eating, defence, locomotion, etc. Each species has specific needs…
Mathematical modeling of animal tongue functions has improved the understanding of the animal kingdom and how species have evolved to efficiently perform tasks necessary for…