The tentacle displays a variety of fascinating properties and functions which scientists have attempted to comprehend via mathematical models over the years. In fact, such…
The trunk, also known as the proboscis, is a tubular, flexible and hollow appendage that varies in size and function; some species use it to…
Many marine animals have evolved to include suction cups, and the suction cups of the natural world continue to inspire synthetic cup technology. Mathematical models…
Abstract The proboscis has many functions, notably feeding and mating, making it an incredibly useful organ. This paper aims to explore its structure and study…
The role of ungulates’ hooves, which are morphologically complex structures, is to support body weight and provide traction to aid in their adaptation to varied…
Abstract Suction cups are important adaptations for aquatic animals, allowing for predation, locomotion, stability, and other species-specific functions. The chemical structure of each suction cup…
The mechanisms describing how objects occupy space are some of the most fundamental topics of study and can be applied to countless chemical, physical, and…
The following essay examines the application of mathematics to biological structures, in particular animal horns. It begins by exploring the evolutionary reasons for ornamental appendages…
Abstract Rat whiskers can be modeled by Euler spirals, curves with linear change in curvature. One hypothesis explaining vibrissae shape is that the linear growth…
Animals and insects use whiskers and antennae for orientation, foraging, stalking prey, finding mates, and fighting. This article explores the function of whiskers and antennae…
Physical phenomena seen in nature are often optimized and refined to achieve a particular function. Evaluating spines’ physical and chemical characteristics can only reveal so…
Pincers (alternatively known as chelae) are an integral component of many arthropod species. Many species, from arachnids to crustaceans, rely on the chelae for survival.…