Physical phenomena seen in nature are often optimized and refined to achieve a particular function. Evaluating spines’ physical and chemical characteristics can only reveal so…
Artificial neural networks are used to mimic the functionalities of the brain via computing systems. This paper will first examine the general structure and function…
All populations form networks which describe their interactions, mixing and mating. Migratory populations also form networks, but these are much more complex because of the…
The animal kingdom encompasses all kinds of animals that collect their food supplies in unique ways. Consequently, by using mathematical language to describe these systems…